Spectroscopy & Kirchhoff's Rules

• Kirchoff diagrams here and here
• solar spectrum imaged and plotted

Matter Overview

• Chemical elements
• Atom components

Theory of Spectra: the Quantum Atom

• Balmer spectra: in laboratory, in space--nebulae: Orion, seagull, pelican
• de Broglie: matter waves
• Bohr model of the atom
• Hydrogen spectrum, binding energy; simulation

Continuous Radiation and Blackbody Spectra: Light as a Thermometer

• blackbody spectra--animations here and here
• canine examples: IR/optical, IR/optical
• IR world gallery
• Wien's law
  spectrum of the Sun
  Orion colors
  starlight spread out: objective prism image of the Hyades star cluster
• Stefan-Boltzmann law