Event Horizon Telescope Images M87 Black Hole

The (Former) Solar Neutrino Problem

• The problem: ⁸B electron-neutrino deficit
• The solution: SNO measures the
  flux of all ⁸B neutrinos, and the
  spectrum of ⁸B electron-neutrinos
• The implications
  • new neutrino physics needed!
  • SSM bang on!
• The laboratory test: KamLAND experiment
  results
• Borexino (⁷Be neutrinos, and now pp too!)
• the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics
• Future experiments: Sanford Underground Research Facility