1. the writer gives a preliminary arrangement draft to a peer
• The writer can also send some peer response questions (regarding specific concerns the writer has about the draft) to maximize the usefulness of peer response
• The writer can also specify the target audience and the desired consequence (of the draft) to avoid unproductive interpretations (see The Willful Reader)
2. the peer reads the draft (received from the writer)
3. the peer writes constructive comments to the writer (about the draft),
• providing substantive answers to the writer's peer response questions (if any)
4. the peer returns (to the writer) both the writer's draft and the comments (the peer wrote about the draft)

Benefits of Effective Peer Response

Through peer response, the writer has an opportunity to gain insight about:

• managing potential differences of perception between the target audience and the writer (regarding a particular instance of writing),
• addressing areas of concern the writer has regarding the (preliminary arrangement) draft, and
• identifying potential changes (revisions) to improve the chances of achieving (the writer's) desired consequence (for a particular instance of writing).

The insights gained (through peer response) can be used in revising.